Unpolarized light is passed through an optical filter that is oriented in the vertical direction.
if the incident intensity of the light is 46 w/m2 , what is the intensity of the light that emerges from the filter? (express your answer to two significant figures.)

In order to solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to intensity and specifically described in Malus's law.

Malus's law warns that

Where,

Angle between the analyzer axis and the polarization axis

Intensity of the light before passing through the polarizer

The intensity of the beam from the first polarizer is equal to the half of the initial intensity

Replacing with our the numerical values we get

Therefore the  intensity of the light that emerges from the filter is

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the independent variable, or the one that is intentionally manipulated is the speed.