Models that explain the formation of the solar system through a series of gradual steps are considered evolutionary theories. what are models that explain the formation of certain objects in the solar system through other means considered?

Catastrophic theories

Explanation:

The theory of catastrophe is a collection of methods used to analyze and describe the ways in which a system can experience sudden significant behavioral changes when one or more of the variables that govern it are continuously modified.

Georges Louis de Buffon suggested in 1745 the first destructive theory — that a comet pulled material from the Sun to form the planets.

Therefore the answer is -

Catastrophic theories

explanation:

the masses of the objects and the distance between them

answer; how far out of place which the object finished relative to the starting location;