Arteriosclerotic plaques forming on the inner walls of arteries can decrease the effective cross-sectional area of an artery. even small changes in the effective area of an artery can lead to very large changes in the blood pressure in the artery and possibly to the collapse of the blood vessel. imagine a healthy artery, with blood flow velocity of v0=0.14m/s and mass per unit volume of rho=1050kg/m3. the kinetic energy per unit volume of blood is given by k0=12rhov20. imagine that plaque has narrowed an artery to one-fifth of its normal cross-sectional area (an 80% blockage).

a) compared to normal blood flow velocity, v0, what is the velocity of blood as it passes through this blockage? (show your work)

b) by what factor does the kinetic energy per unit of blood volume change as the blood passes through this blockage?

c) as the blood passes through this blockage, what happens to the blood pressure?

1. it increases by about 41 pa

2. it increases by about 250 pa

3. it stays the same

4. it decreases by about 41 pa

5. it decreases by about 250 pa

d) relative to its initial, healthy state, by what factor does the velocity of blood increase as the blood passes through this blockage?

e) by what factor does the kinetic energy per unit of blood volume increase as the blood passes through this blockage?

f) what is the magnitude of the drop in blood pressure, δp, as the blood passes through this blockage? use k0 as the normal (i. e., unblocked) kinetic energy per unit volume of the blood. (show your work)