Aman paddles a canoe at 6 km per hour. if he paddles on a river with a current of 6 km per hour, what is the speed of the canoe if it heads: upstream? directly across the river?

If the canoe heads upstream the speed is zero. And directly across the river is  8.48 [km/h] towards southeast

Explanation:

When the canoe moves upstream, it is moving in the opposite direction of the normal river current. Since the velocities are vector (magnitude and direction) we can sum each vector:

Vr = velocity of the river = 6[km/h}

Vc = velocity of the canoe = -6 [km/h]

We take the direction of the river as positive, therefore other velocity in the opposite direction will be negative.

Vt = Vr + Vc = 6 - 6 = 0 [km/h]

For the second question, we need to make a sketch of the canoe and we are watching this movement at a high elevation. So let's say that the canoe is located in point 0 where it is located one of the river's borders.

So we are having one movement to the right (x-direction). And the movement of the river to the south ( - y-direction).

Since the velocities are vector we can sum each vector, so using the Pythagoras theorem we have: