Background information about reflection and refraction of light

Zirconium has an hcp crystal structure and a density of 6.51 g/cm3. (a) what is the volume of its unit cell in m3? (b) if the c/a ratio is 1.593, compute the values of c and a.

When the force acting on an object points at least partially in the direction of the motion the work done is considered to be negative

Consider a one meter long horizontal pipe with a constant 100 cm^2 cross sectional area. water flows rightward into the pipe at x = 0 with flow velocity 02m/sec at every point within the pipe intake area. at x=1, the rightward flow rate is 0.192 m/sec. assume the water is a conserved quantity in the pipe, so there must be a leak (a sink) somewhere in the pipe. 1. compute net volumetric flow of the source if the system to be in equilibrium. 2. now assume the pipe in the problem has no leaks. compute the net volumetric rate of change for the system.