Ashuffleboard player pushes a 0.25 kg puck, initially at rest, such that a constant horizontal force of 6 n acts on it through a distance of 0.5 m. (neglect friction.)a. what are the kinetic energy and the speed of the puck when the force is removed? b. how much work would be required to bring the puck to rest? c. follow up: suppose the puck in this problem had twice the final speed. would it then take twice as much work to stop the puck?

(a) 3 J and 4.899 m/s

(b) -3 J.

(c) It will take four times as much as the work done to stop it when the final speed is increased twice.

Explanation:

(a) Work done by the shuffleboard player = Force × distance

W = F×d Equation 1

Where W = work done, F = Force, d = distance.

Kinetic Energy (Ek) of the = 1/2mv² Equation 2

Where m = mass of the puck, v = velocity of the puck.

Note: Work done by the shuffleboard player = Kinetic Energy of the puck when the force is removed, assuming no energy is lost to friction.

Therefore,

Ek = 1/2mv² = F×d

Ek = F×d Equation 3

Given: F = 6 N, d = 0.5 m.

Substituting these values into equation 3

Ek = 6×0.5

Ek = 3 J.

Thus the kinetic Energy = 3 J.

Also,

Ek = 1/2mv²

making v the subject of the equation

v = √(2Ek/m) Equation 4

Given: m = 0.25, Ek = 3 J

Substituting into equation 4

v = √(2×3/0.25)

v = √24

v = 4.899 m/s

Thus the speed of the puck = 4.899 m/s

(b) The work required to bring the puck to rest = -(the Kinetic Energy of the puck.)

Wₙ = 1/2mv²

Where Wₙ = work required to bring the puck to rest.

Where m = 0.25 kg, v = 4.899 m/s²

Wₙ = -1/2(0.25)(4.899)²

Wₙ = -1/2(0.25)(24)

Wₙ = -0.25(12)

Wₙ = -3 J

Thus the work required to bring the puck to rest = 3 J.

(c) Assuming the puck has twice the final speed

Work required to stop it.

Wₓ = 1/2mv²

Where Wₓ = work required to stop the puck when it has twice the final speed.

m = 0.25 kg, v = 9.798 m/s ( twice the final speed)

Wₓ = 1/2(0.25)(9.798)²

Wₓ = 1/2(0.25)(96)

Wₓ = 12 J.

Thus the puck will take four times as much as the work done to stop it when the final speed is increased twice.

the independent variable, the one that is intentionally manipulated, is whether or not the car hits the barrier.

the dependent variable, the one that you measure the response in, is the distance that the washers travel.

a.   mass number from atomic number