How much work does it take for an external agent to move a 45.0-nC charge from a point on the +x-axis, 3.40 cm from the origin to a point halfway between the 41.0-nC and 52.0-nC charges?

The discovery of the electron as a subatomic particle was a result of

You charge a parallel-plate capacitor, remove it from the battery, and prevent the wires connected to the plates from touching each other. when you increase the plate separation, what happens to the following quantities?

An insulated thermos contains 148 g of water at 72.7 ˚c. you put in a 11.7 g ice cube at 0.00 ˚c to form a system of ice + original water. the specific heat of liquid water is 4190 j/kg•k; and the heat of fusion of water is 333 kj/kg. what is the net entropy change of the system from then until the system reaches the final (equilibrium) temperature?