The following picture displays a map of potential difference (vertical axis) for an unknown configuration of charges as a function of x- and y-coordinates (horizontal axes). What is the force experienced by a charged particle placed in the electric field of these charges along direction 1? zero impossible to tell non-zero and constant same as in direction 2 non-zero and non-constant direction 2? non-zero and constant same as in direction 1 impossible to tell zero non-zero and non-constant A charged particle is placed into an electric field of the charges, whose distribution of the potential difference (shown on the vertical axis) as function of x- and y-coordinates (shown on horizontal axes) is displayed in the picture below. Moving along which path will the particle experience a greater maximal force? impossible to tell 2 the forces will be the same 1 the forces will be the same for the same potential difference experienced Explain your reasoning for both situations.

it would be kevlar ^^

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

the only real purpose of sputnik 1 was to beat the us into space. we were getting close to launching a useful satellite, explorer 1 - which launched on january 31, 1958. the ussr had to beat that, so they launched sputnik 1 on october 4, 19