The 45-g arrow is launched so that it hits and embeds in a 1.40 kg block. The block hangs from strings. After the arrow joins the block, they swing up so that they are 0.40 m higher than the block's starting point.

Question: How fast was the arrow moving before it joined the block?

The arrow was moving at 15.9 m/s.

Explanation:

The law of conservation of energy says that the kinetic energy of the arrow must be converted into the potential energy of the block and arrow after it they join:

where is the mass of the arrow, is the mass of the block, of the change in height of the block after the collision, and is the velocity of the arrow before it hit the block.

Solving for the velocity , we get:

and we put in the numerical values

,

and simplify to get:

The arrow was moving at 15.9 m/s

the results is a decrease in air temperature with an increase of altitude.

explanation: