When did dalton form his atomic theory?

Current enters a circuit at a: 1.positive terminal 2.negative terminal 3.low potential side 4.resistor

If a refrigerator is a heat pump that follows the first law of thermodynamics, how much heat was removed from food inside of the refrigerator if it released 380j of energy to the room?

What are similarities and differences between refraction, reflection, diffraction and absorption?