If you were told an atom was an ion, you would know the atom must have a

Automobile fuel efficiency is often measured in miles that the car can be driven per gallon of fuel (mpg). heavier cars tend to have lower fuel efficiencies (lower mpg ratings). which variable (weight or fuel efficiency) is most naturally considered the explanatory (predictor) variable in this context?

Light from two different sources are incident upon the same side of a polarizing filter. light from one source is polarized with total intensity ip, while light from the other source is unpolarized with total intensity iu. as you rotate the polarizing filter through 360 degrees, the intensity of the transmitted light on the other side varies by a factor of 9. what is the relative intensity of the initial polarized source to the unpolarized source, or ip/iu?

How many excess electrons must be present on each sphere if the magnitude of the force of repulsion between them is 4.57×10−21 newtons?