Experimentally, it has been observed for single crystals of a number of metals that the critical resolved shear stress, τcrss, is a function of the dislocation density, rhoD, as where τ0 and A are constants. For some metal, the critical resolved shear stress is 3.14 MPa at a dislocation density of 1.60 × 104 mm-2. If it is known that the value of A for this metal is 1.52 × 10-3 MPa-mm, compute the τcrss (in MPa) at a dislocation density of 2.85 x 106 mm-2.

When temperature of a substance increases, of its particles increase resulting in more between particles. real world applications of thermal expansion absolute zero (-273 degrees c) is the lowest possible temperature on the kelvin scale. it is a measure of where a substance has no kinetic energy. heat is a process of the . energy flows spontaneously from a object to a until equilibrium is reached. heat is measured in heat is transferred throughis a method of heat transfer that occurs between particles of matter that are in direct contact with each other. are poor conductors that impede / reduce the rate of heat transfer. is a method of heat transfer that occurs in fluids (non-solids) by means of currents. real world application of convectiona method of heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. when energy moves from one object to another inside a closed system, no energy is or in the system in the transaction. systems will spontaneously move to a state of organized energy or high disorder over time called