Steam enters the condenser of a steam power plant at 20 kPa and a quality of 95 % with a mass flow rate of 20,000 kg/h. It is to be cooled by water from a nearby river by circulating the water through the tubes within the condenser. To prevent thermal pollution, the river water is not allowed to experience a temperature rise above 10 ºC. If the steam is to leave the condenser as saturated liquid at 20 kPa, determine the mass flow rate of the cooling water required.

Explanation:

The steam enters the condenser as a vapor-liquid mix and exits as a saturated liquid. Specific enthalpies at inlet and outlet are given from a property table for saturated water:

Inlet

Outlet

The heat transfer rate to the river is:

The mass flow rate of the cooling water is:

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explanation:

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