Question 1: How would you determine the length of Jupiter's orbit using Kepler's third
law? What information would you need?

In order to find the orbital radius of the Jupiter we need to know its time period around Sun

Explanation:

As we know by Kepler's III law of planetary motion that the square of the time period of the planet must be proportional to the cube of the orbital radius of the planet

so we can say that

so here we can find the orbital radius of the jupitor by the formula

here we can say that T1 and R1 is for earth which we know as

now in order to find the orbital radius of the Jupitor we need to know its time period around Sun

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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