Why do moving back and forth, and moving in a circle look the same on a graph of position versus time?

  one dimension of motion on a circle is "back and forth"

Explanation:

Whether the position graphs look the same or not is a function of the acceleration (and velocity), and how position is measured.

For a circle centered at the origin, uniform motion around the circle will be equivalent to sinusoidal motion in the x- or y-directions. So, that motion is equivalent to sinusoidal motion "back and forth", however it may be generated.

The "back and forth" motions of a piston in a cylinder (connected to a crankshaft), and of a pendulum, are almost sinusoidal, but not quite. Their position graphs will differ slightly from the graph of position of an object moving around a circle.

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On the other hand, if the circular motion is plotted as the length of the radius versus time, it will be a constant -- not "back and forth" at all.

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In short, plots of similar motion will look similar.

b) returns freshwater to the earth.

c) returns freshwater to the earth.c) occurs after condensation.

d) returns freshwater to the earth.c) occurs after condensation.d) roughly equal to the amount of evaporation.

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