What is the name of the state when electrons absorb energy and move to a higher energy level?
a. illuminated state
b. excited state
c. diffused state
d. ground state

Excited state is the name of the state when electrons absorb energy and move to a higher energy level.

In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantumstate of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).

The correct answer between all the choices given is the second choice or letter B. I am hoping that this answer has satisfied your query and it will be able to help you in your endeavor, and if you would like, feel free to ask another question.

air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.