Explain why the energy in the sun moves out toward the surface

energy moves through the sun in two main way, Radiation and Convection.

Explanation:

as the energy moves outward from the sun's core, 1st enters rhe radiation zone. the radiation zone is a region of highly compressed gas. here the energy is transferred by the absorption and irradiation of electromagnetic waves

see the picture for the vector

the magnitude of the vector by pythagorean theorem

r = √( (-10)^2 + (3)^2 ) = √109

magnitude = √109 units

the direction angle between vector and x-axis is

tan^(-1)(3/10) = 16.699

so the direction is approximately 16.7 degrees north of west