Explain the necessity of smoothing the output voltage before applying it to a transistor

amplifier.

In simple words, smoothing can be defined as the circuit which is done to eliminate the ripple from the yield of a direct current power supply.

Explanation:

Necessity of smoothing:

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we have been given a quadratic function and we need to restrict the domain such that it becomes a one to one function.

we know that vertex of this quadratic function occurs at (5,2).

further, we know that range of this function is .

if we restrict the domain of this function to either or , it will become one to one function.

let us know find its inverse.

upon interchanging x and y, we get:

let us now solve this function for y.

hence, the inverse function would be if we restrict the domain of original function to and the inverse function would be if we restrict the domain to .