Debbie is an engineer who designs safety features to protect drivers in rear-end collisions. She has developed a new system that allows the front end of an automobile to bend or crumple during any head-on collision, thereby reducing the rate of deceleration experienced by the driver. The safety system is known as a front-end crumple zone. Suppose a rear-end automobile collision occurs between the two cars illustrated below. The orange car was waiting at a light with its brakes locked when the blue car collided with it from behind. The blue car had Debbie's front-end crumple zone system installed, which helped reduce part of the force of the collision.