Suppose you had a spaceship so fast that you could make a roundtrip journey of 1 million light-years (in Earth's reference frame) in just 50 years of ship time. If you left in the year 2030, you would return to Earth?

i) A million years from now
ii) The year 2130
iii) The year 2080

Galileo was the first to notice that the moon has craters, valleys, and mountains. how might this have changed people's perception of the moon at the time?

Imagine you work as a consultant, and your daily job involves listening to the constructive criticism of others. as part of your job, you must listen to opposing viewpoints to make important decisions. in this activity, you are a consulting dam engineer. you must make a decision about four different dams; should they be repaired, taken down, or left alone? you will listen to contrasting opinions about what should be done with the dams before you make the final decision. as the consulting dam engineer, what do you decide to do with this dam? explain your reasoning. by making your decision, did you support the opinions of the mayor and/or the dam safety official? why or why not? (site 1)

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.