Suppose you had a collection of a large number of hypothetical quantum objects, each of whose individual energy levels were -4.6 eV, -3.0 eV, -2.1 eV, and -1.6 eV. If nearly all of these identical objects were in the ground state, what would be the energies of dark spectral lines in an absorption spectrum if visible white light (1.8 to 3.1 eV) passes through the material? Enter the energies in order of increasing energy, followed by entering 0 in any later boxes for which there is no dark line within the visible spectrum. (That is, if your answers were 1, 2, and 3 eV, you would enter 1 in the first box, 2 in the second box, and 3 in the third box. If your answers were 1 and 2 eV, you would enter 1 in the first box, 2 in the second box, and 0 in the third box. If your answer is just 1 eV, you would enter 1 in the first box, 0 in the second box, and 0 in the third box.) Smallest energy of a dark line: eV Next larger energy of a dark line (or 0): eV Next larger energy of a dark line (or 0): eV Additional Materials

See the explanation for the answer.

Explanation:

Absorption happens when an object jumps from one allowed energy state to another allowed energy state.

So the energies it can absorb are the differences between the energies. List all those differences as shown below;

For instance 1.6 eV is an allowed jump, between the -4.6 eV and -3 eV energy level and its in the visible light range you were told (1.8 to 3.1 eV).

3 eV is another allowed jump, between -4.6 eV and -1.6 eV. That one is in the visible light range.

2.6 eV is another allowed jump, between -4.9 eV and -2.3 eV. That one is in the visible light range.

1.4 eV is another allowed jump, between -3 eV and -1.6 eV. That one notis in the visible light range.

0.9 eV is another allowed jump, between -3 eV and -2.1 eV. That one is not in the visible light range.

1.6 eV is another allowed jump, between -3 eV and -4.6 eV. That one is in the visible light range.

0.5 eV is another allowed jump, between -2.1 eV and -1.6 eV. That one is not in the visible light range.

0.9 eV is another allowed jump, between -2.1 eV and -3 eV. That one is not in the visible light range.

2.5 eV is another allowed jump, between -2.1 eV and -4.6 eV. That one is in the visible light range.

0.5 eV is another allowed jump, between -1.6 eV and -2.1 eV. That one is not in the visible light range.

1.4 eV is another allowed jump, between -1.6 eV and -3 eV. That one is not in the visible light range.

3 eV is another allowed jump, between -1.6 eV and -4.6 eV. That one is in the visible light range.

c

explanation:

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.