Whose contributions to astronomy explained how planets were held in their orbits?
A. Aristotle
B. Copernicus
C. Ptolemy
D. Newton
E. Brahe
F. Kepler

D newton

Explanation:

he did extensive research on gravity, and gravity is what holds planets in orbits.

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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