A 5-kg boulder sits on the edge of a cliff 30 m above the roadway. What is the gravitational potential energy of the boulder on the cliff ?

Aball tossed vertically upward from the ground next to a building passes the bottom of a window 1.8 s after being tossed and passes the top of the window 0.20 s later. the window is 2.0 m high from top to bottom. what was the ball's initial velocity? the unit vector j^ is directed upward. how far is the bottom of the window from the launch position? how high does the ball rise above the launch position?

Imagine you are standing in the antarctic during the southern hemisphere summer. the sky is clear and blue. there are no clouds in the sky. your shadow is cast on the icy ground. what is the color of the shadow?

The magnitude of the poynting vector of a planar electromagnetic wave has an average value of 0.939 w/m^2 . the wave is incident upon a rectangular area, 1.5 m by 2.0 m, at right angles. how much total electromagnetic energy falls on the area during 1.0 minute?