Charges of 4.0 μC and −6.0 μC are placed at two corners of an equilateral triangle with sides of 0.10 m. What is the magnitude of the electric field created by these two charges at the third corner of the triangle?

4.763 × 10⁶ N/C

Explanation:

Let E₁ be the electric field due to the 4.0 μC charge and E₂ be the electric field due to the -6.0 μC charge. At the third corner, E₁ points in the negative x direction and E₂ acts at an angle of 60 to the negative x - direction.

Resolving E₂ into horizontal and vertical components, we have

E₂cos60 as horizontal component and E₂sin60 as vertical component. E₁ has only horizontal component.

Summing the horizontal components we have

E₃ = -E₁ + (-E₂cos60) = -kq₁/r²- kq₂cos60/r²

= -k/r²(q₁ + q₂cos60)

= -k/r²(4 μC + (-6.0 μC)(1/2))

= -k/r²(4 μC - 3.0 μC)

= -k/r²(1 μC)

= -9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C²(1.0 × 10⁻⁶)/(0.10 m)²

=  -9 × 10⁵ N/C

Summing the vertical components, we have

E₄ = 0 + (-E₂sin60)

= -E₂sin60

= -kq₂sin60/r²

= -k(-6.0 μC)(0.8660)/(0.10 m)²

= -9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C²(-6.0 × 10⁻⁶)(0.8660)/(0.10 m)²

= 46.77 × 10⁵ N/C

The magnitude of the resultant electric field, E is thus

E = √(E₃² + E₄²) = √[(-9 × 10⁵ N/C)² + (46.77 10⁵ N/C)²) = (√226843.29) × 10⁴

= 476.28  × 10⁴ N/C

= 4.7628 × 10⁶ N/C

≅ 4.763 × 10⁶ N/C