To test the quality of a tennis ball, you drop it onto a floor from a height of 4.00m . it rebounds to a height of 2.00 m. if the ball is in contact with the floor for 12.0ms,
(a) what is the magnitude of its average acceleration during the contact?
(b) is the acceleration up or down?

Part a)

Part b)

Since it rebounds upwards so it's acceleration is in upwards direction

Explanation:

Velocity of the ball just before it will collide with the floor when it is dropped from height 4.00 m

So we will have

so we have

When ball rebound to height h = 2.00 m

so here we have

Part a)

For magnitude of average acceleration

Part b)

Since it rebounds upwards so it's acceleration is in upwards direction

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.