True or false if something was turn to make something is it a chemical reaction

What is the earliest point in the universe that we can observe? why can’t we see back further than this?

If the temperature were raised very high, classically what would we expect the heat capacity per object to be for this one-dimensional system? give a numerical value. chigh t = __ j/k/object (one reason for the discrepancy is that the high-temperature limit assumes that the number of oscillators is large (n > > 1), which is not the case in this tiny system.)

Which is not a characteristic of a heat pump? a. it is used in air conditioners. b. it uses a refrigerant. c. it requires no work. d. it reverses the normal flow of thermal energy.