A 50.0-g hard-boiled egg moves on the end of a spring with force constant k = 25.0 N/m. Its initial displacement is 0.300 m. A damping force Fx=−bvxF x

​

=−bv

x

​

acts on the egg, and the amplitude of the motion decreases to 0.100 m in 5.00 s. Calculate the magnitude of the damping constant b.

The correct answer will be "0.022 kg/s".

Explanation:

The given values are:

Initial amplitude,

A₁ = 0.3 m

Final amplitude,

A₂ = 0.1 m

Mass of a egg,

m = 50.0 g i.e., 0.050 kg

Time,

t = 5 sec

As we know,

⇒  

So that, the damping constant will be:

⇒  

On putting the estimated values, we get

⇒  

⇒    

⇒    

⇒    

answer: the correct answer is 1.

explanation: there are various process in which a radioactive nuclei decays:

1) alpha decay: in this process, a heavier nuclei decays into lighter nuclei by releasing alpha particle. the mass number is reduced by 4 units.

2) electron capture: in this decay process, a parent nuclei absorbs an electron and gets converted into a neutron. simply, a proton and an electron combines together to form a neutron. mass number does not change in this process.

3) gamma ray emission: it is a decay process in which an unstable nuclei gives excess energy by a spontaneous electromagnetic process. this decay releases . this process does not change the mass number.

4) positron emission: it is a type of decay process, in which a proton gets converted to neutron and an electron neutrino. this is also known as -decay. in this the mass number remains same.

from the above information, we see that only alpha-decay is producing a change in the mass number of the nucleus.