A string is attached to the rear-view mirror of a car. A ball is hanging at the other end of the string. The car is driving around in a circle, at a constant speed. Which of the following lists gives all of the forces directly acting on the ball? a. tension
b. tension and gravity
c. tension, gravity, and the centripetal force
d. tension, gravity, the centripetal force, and friction

c. tension, gravity, and the centripetal force

Explanation:

The ball experiences a variety of force as explained below.

Gravity force acts on the body due to its mass and the acceleration due to gravity. The gravity force on every object on earth due to its mass keeps all object on the surface of the earth.

Although the car moves around in circle, centripetal towards the center of the radius of turn exists on the ball. This centripetal force is due to the constantly changing direction of the circular motion, resulting in a force away from the center. The centripetal force keeps the ball from swinging off away from the center of turn.

Tension force on the string holds the ball against falling towards the earth under its own weight, and also from swinging away from the center of turn of the car. Tension force holds the ball relatively fixed in its vertical position in the car.