A machine can never be 100% efficient because some work is always lost due to which factor? friction gravity static input force

After the near spacecraft passed mathilde, on several occasions rocket propellant was expelled to adjust the spacecraft's momentum in order to follow a path that would approach the asteroid eros, the final destination for the mission. after getting close to eros, further small adjustments made the momentum just right to give a circular orbit of radius 45 km (45 × 10^3 m) around the asteroid. so much propellant had been used that the final mass of the spacecraft while in circular orbit around eros was only 545 kg. the spacecraft took 1.04 days to make one complete circular orbit around eros. calculate what the mass of eros must be.

Ablue car pulls away from a red stop-light just after it has turned green with a constant acceleration of 0.5 m/s 2 . a green car arrives at the position of the stop-light 6.5 s after the light had turned green. if t = 0 when the light turns green, at what time does the green car catch the blue car if the green car maintains the slowest constant speed necessary to catch up to the blue car? answer in units of s.

Abody covers a semicircle of radius 7cm in 5s .find its linear speed