What is a Joule, and what are the SI units for a Joule?

After the near spacecraft passed mathilde, on several occasions rocket propellant was expelled to adjust the spacecraft's momentum in order to follow a path that would approach the asteroid eros, the final destination for the mission. after getting close to eros, further small adjustments made the momentum just right to give a circular orbit of radius 45 km (45 × 10^3 m) around the asteroid. so much propellant had been used that the final mass of the spacecraft while in circular orbit around eros was only 545 kg. the spacecraft took 1.04 days to make one complete circular orbit around eros. calculate what the mass of eros must be.

Ammonia enters the expansion valve of a refrigeration system at a pressure of 10 bar and a temperature of 18oc and exits at 6.0 bar. the refrigerant undergoes a throttling process. determine the temperature, in oc, and the quality of the refrigerant at the exit of the expansion valve.

How to tell if a molecule is polar or nonpolar with electronegativity