Review the interior layers of the Earth. Within the mantle exists the asthenosphere between about 100 km and 350 km, which is a special zone composed of hot, magma-like material that is capable of gradual flow. The energy that produces this flowable magma comes from the heat within the Earth, What is/are the source(s) of this heat energy?

Two kilograms of air within a piston–cylinder assembly executes a carnot power cycle with maximum and minimum temperatures of 800 k and 300 k, respectively. the heat transfer to the air during the isothermal expansion is 60 kj. at the end of the isothermal expansion the volume is 0.4 m3. assume the ideal gas model for the air. determine the thermal efficiency, the volume at the beginning of the isothermal expansion, in m3, and the work during the adiabatic expansion, in kj.