Why VR is not affected by friction?

Explanation:

VR ( Velocity ratio ) is the ratio of displacement to effort of load. So it is obvious that displacement takes place. Frictional force cannot change the displacement as it only an opposing force. So VR is not affected by friction.

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answer; /// i believe that the correct answer is (c)

answer

procedural programming, object-oriented programming

explanation

procedural programming is a type of computer programming language that specifies a series of well structured steps and procedures   within its development period of time. it contains a systematic order of statements, functions and commands to complete a computational task or program. it is centered on creating procedures. while object oriented programming is a programming language that is centered on creating objects rather that actions and data rather than logic.. it has four principles which are inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation