Areaction that requires free energy: . a. must be endothermic.. b. is nonspontaneous.. c. must correspond to a decrease in entropy.. d. is spontaneous.

see the picture for the vector

the magnitude of the vector by pythagorean theorem

r = √( (-10)^2 + (3)^2 ) = √109

magnitude = √109 units

the direction angle between vector and x-axis is

tan^(-1)(3/10) = 16.699

so the direction is approximately 16.7 degrees north of west

causes

fossil fuels burn

cities become more industrialized

human population grows worldwide