Explain why a light wave refracts when it travels through mediums such as air to water.

The simplest explanation is that the speed changes. That causes the wavefront to change direction and so refraction takes place.

The objects do not reach terminal velocity         there is not enough time from the time the object falls from when it hits the ground to achieve terminal velocity. an object must be placed higher to achieve terminal velocity in order to be in free fall.

The modern-day generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction discovered by michael faraday in 1831-32. faraday discovered that the above flow of electric charges could be induced by moving an electrical conductor, such as a wire that contains electric charges, in a magnetic field.