The mass of the Earth is about 6 x 1024 kg and the mass of the moon is about 7 x 1022 kg.
The distance between the Earth and the Moon
is about 3.8 x 108
The magnitude of the gravitational force
between is closest to which of these?
m.

Well it seems that you did not give answer choices, but that its fine since we can use newtons law of universal gravitational, Fg = GM1M2/r^2. So G is the gravitational constant, which is 6.67*10^-11, we can plug in 6*1024 for M1, and 7*1022 for M2, and 3.8*108 for r. Which then we get 1.74 * 10^8 N as the force of attraction between the Earth and the moon.

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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