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The energy produced as a result of this flow of electrons from atom to atom is called

In a hydrogen molecule there are a total of four charges, 2 protons in the two nuclei, and 2 electrons. how many unique charge-pairs are there (without double counting)?

The horizontal blue line through the middle of the lens is called the optical axis. as the lamp is moved above or below the axis, keeping the horizontal distance to the center of the lens constant, how does the horizontal distance from the lens to the image change?