A piece of copper wire with thin insulation, 200 m long and 1.00 mm in diameter, is wound onto a plastic tube to form a long solenoid. This coil has a circular cross section and consists of tightly wound turns in one layer. If the current in the solenoid drops linearly from 1.60 A to zero in 0.120 seconds, an emf of 80.0 mV is induced in the coil. What is the length of the solenoid, measured along its axis

 N= 3

Explanation:

For this exercise we must use Faraday's law

          E = - dФ / dt

         Ф = B . A = B Acos θ

tje bold indicate vectors. As it indicates that the variation of the field is linear, we can approximate the derivatives

         E = - A cos θ (B - B₀) / t

The angle enters the magnetic field and the normal to the area is zero

         cos 0 = 1

         A = π r²

In the length of the wire there are N turns each with a length L₀ = 2π r

          L = N (2π r)

          r = L / 2π N

    we substitute

          A = L² / (4π N²)

The magnetic field produced by a solenoid is

           B = μ₀ N/L   I

for which

            B₀ = μ₀  N/L   I

The final field is zero, because the current is zero

            B = 0

We substitute

           E = - (L² / 4π N²)  (0 - μ₀ N/L I) / t

           E = μ₀ L I / (4π N t)

           N = μ₀ L I / (4π t E)

The electromotive force is E = 0.80 mV = 0.8 10⁻³ V

let's calculate

           N = 4π 10⁻⁷ 200 1.60 / (4π 0.120 0.8 10⁻³)]

           N  = 320 10⁻⁷ / 9.6 10⁻⁶

           N = 33.3 10⁻¹

          N= 3

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