Magnification of concave lens is: 1. always less than 1
2. always greater than 1
3. always equal to 1
4. sometimes less and sometimes greater than 1

Light from two different sources are incident upon the same side of a polarizing filter. light from one source is polarized with total intensity ip, while light from the other source is unpolarized with total intensity iu. as you rotate the polarizing filter through 360 degrees, the intensity of the transmitted light on the other side varies by a factor of 9. what is the relative intensity of the initial polarized source to the unpolarized source, or ip/iu?