19. The horizontal loop at the bottom of the staircase has a radius of 0.71 m. What is the centripetal force that the track exerts on the car when it is in the loop? (Hint: use the velocity value that you
found in question 18)

An ideal otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. at the beginning of the compression process, air is at 95 kpa and 27°c, and 750 kj/kg of heat is transferred to air during the constant-volume heat-addition process. assuming constant specific heats at room temperature, determine (a) the pressure and temperature at the end of the heat-addition process, (b) the net work output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d) the mean effective pressure for the cycle. (4390 kpa, 1730 k; 423 kj/kg; 56.4%; 534 kpa)