A car, travelling at constant speed on a straight, level road, accelerates so that its speed is now doubled. By what factor will the car's kinetic energy change? Explain by using physics principles

We know that, the kinetic energy

ke=  \frac{1 }{2} m{v}^{2}  

and we also know that the acceleration causes the speed's value to be doubled

Hence, v becomes 2v

When 2v is squared, it becomes 4v^2. After substituting this value in the equation above and comparing it,

We can conclude that the Kinetic Energy has increased

by a factor of 4

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

truck y has a greater velocity than truck x.