What particle is exchanged when an object gets charged?

The “death throes” of stars are amongst the most complex phenomena in all of astronomy, and the “corpses” of stars amongst the most energetic and exotic objects in existence. beginning at the end of the core helium fusion stage in a star’s life, describe in detail the post-main sequence development of both (a) a 1.0 solar mass star, and (b) a 25.0 solar mass star. in what significant ways do they differ? what role does each of these types of stars play in the "star-gas-star" cycle and the evolution of chemical elements in our galaxy?

The speed of light in a material is 0.50 c. what is the critical angle of a light ray at the interface between the material and a vacuum?

Assume this car is driven off a cliff . how many arrows of force need to be drawn in the free body diagram? assume no air resistance -five -one -three -four