If a force is applied to an object, which of the following must be true?

What happens to the light rays when they hit the specimen?

The image shows a pendulum in simple harmonic motion the pendulum starts at a and swing to e

The a992 steel rod bc has a diameter of 50 mm and is used as a strut to support the beam. determine the maximum intensity w of the uniform distributed load that can be applied to the beam without risk of causing the strut to buckle. take f.s. = 2 against bucklin