William drew a diagram of a box containing a gas for his science project. His drawing is shown.

Some material consisting of a collection of microscopic objects is kept at a high temperature. a photon detector capable of detecting photon energies from infrared through ultraviolet observes photons emitted with energies of 0.3 ev, 0.5 ev, 0.8 ev, 2.0ev, 2.5ev, and 2.8ev. these are the only photon energies observed. (a) draw and label a possible energy-level diagram for one of the microscopic objects, which has four bound states. on the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons. explain briefly. (b) would a spring–mass model be a good model for these microscopic objects? why or why not? (c) the material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. next, a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. what photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity (“dark absorption lines”)? explain briefly.

What would be the radius of the earth if it had its actual mass but had the density of nuclei? express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

Afisherman notices that his boat is moving up and down periodically, owing to waves on the surface of the water. it takes a time of 2.70 s for the boat to travel from its highest point to its lowest, a total distance of 0.700 m. the fisherman sees that the wave crests are spaced a horizontal distance of 6.50 m apart. a. how fast are the waves traveling? b. what is the amplitude a of each wave?