In certain cases, using both the momentum principle and energy principle to analyze a system is useful, as they each can reveal different information. You will use the both momentum principle and the energy principle in this problem. A satellite of mass 3500 kg orbits the Earth in a circular orbit of radius of 7.3 106 m (this is above the Earth's atmosphere).The mass of the Earth is 6.0 1024 kg.
What is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the satellite due to the earth?
F= N
Using the momentum principle, find the speed of the satellite in orbit. (HINT: Think about the components of (dp^^\->)\/(dt) parallel and perpendicular to p^^\->.)
v = m/s
Using the energy principle, find the minimum amount of work needed to move the satellite from this orbit to a location very far away from the Earth. (You can think of this energy as being supplied by work due to something outside of the system of the Earth and the satellite.)
work= J

A) F_g = 26284.48 N

B) v = 7404.18 m/s

C) E = 19.19 × 10^(10) J

Explanation:

We are given;

Mass of satellite; m = 3500 kg

Mass of the earth; M = 6 x 10²⁴ Kg

Earth circular orbit radius; R = 7.3 x 10⁶ m

A) Formula for the gravitational force is;

F_g = GmM/r²

Where G is gravitational constant = 6.67 × 10^(-11) N.m²/kg²

Plugging in the relevant values, we have;

F_g = (6.67 × 10^(-11) × 3500 × 6 x 10²⁴)/(7.3 x 10⁶)²

F_g = 26284.48 N

B) From the momentum principle, we have that the gravitational force is equal to the centripetal force.

Thus;

GmM/r² = mv²/r

Making v th subject, we have;

v = √(GM/r)

Plugging in the relevant values;

v = √(6.67 × 10^(-11) × 6 x 10²⁴)/(7.3 x 10⁶))

v = 7404.18 m/s

C) From the energy principle, the minimum amount of work is given by;

E = (GmM/r) - ½mv²

Plugging in the relevant values;

E = [(6.67 × 10^(-11) × 3500 × 6 × 10²⁴)/(7.3 x 10⁶)] - (½ × 3500 × 7404.18)

E = 19.19 × 10^(10) J

from 1609, galileo galilei used the recently invented telescope to observe the sun, moon and planets. he saw the mountains and craters of the moon, and for the first time revealed the planets to be worlds in their own right. galileo also provided strong observational evidence that planets orbited the sun.

his discoveries about the moon, jupiter's moons, venus, and sunspots supported the idea that the sun - not the earth - was the center of the universe, as was commonly believed at the time.galileo turned his gaze toward venus, the brightest celestial object in the sky - other than the sun and the moon.

carbon is found in all living things. carbon atoms move constantly through

living organisms, the oceans, the atmosphere, and the earth’s crust in what is

known as the carbon cycle. the directions taken by carbon atoms through this

cycle are very complicated and can take millions of years to make a full circle.

all animals, from humans to the dinosaurs are part of the carbon cycle. when

animals eat food, they get carbon in the form of carbohydrates and proteins.

in animals, oxygen combines with food in the cells to produce energy for daily

activity and then gives off carbon. the carbon combines with oxygen to form

carbon dioxide (co2) and is released back into the atmosphere as a waste

product when animals breathe and exhale.

from 145-65 million years ago, earth was much

hotter than today and covered with dense,

tropical swamp forests. the trees and other

plants were immense and

provided an endless supply of

food for the giant animals that

roamed the land. somewhere in

the air above one of these

forests, a lone carbon atom has joined

up with two oxygen atoms to form a molecule of co2.

the co2 molecule was sucked into the tiny holes (stomata) on the leaf of a

fern plant and joined with sunlight, chlorophyll and water to make food and

energy in the plant’s cells through photosynthesis. the oxygen (o2) from the

co2 molecule was sent back into the atmosphere; the carbon atom (c) was

detached and used to make a molecule of sugar.

if that carbon atom had been eaten instead, a totally

different situation would have developed. let’s say

that a giant plant-eating dinosaur (herbivore) ate the

fern for breakfast, and swallowed the carbon in the

fern in the form of carbohydrates and proteins. in

the process of respiration, oxygen combined with

the carbohydrates and proteins in the dinosaur’s cells

to provide energy for its daily activity.