How to calculate the voltage of a light bulb

Find v(t), given acceleration a(t)=7j and initial velocity v(0)=k

Does work output exceed work input when a machine is used? a) yes, it does, as machines create energy. b) it depends on the type of machine used. c) no, it doesn’t, as machines are inefficient. d) no, it doesn’t, as machines cannot create energy.

What are similarities and differences of reflection, refraction, diffraction and absorption?