The box is pushed to the right with a force of 40 Newtons and it just begins to move what is the maximum static frictional force

The maximum static frictional force is 40N.

Explanation:

When an object of mass M is on a surface with a coefficient of static friction μ, there is a minimum force that you need to apply to the object in order to "break" the coefficient of static friction and be able to move the object (Called the threshold of motion, once the object is moving we have a coefficient of kinetic friction, which is smaller than the one for static friction).

This coefficient defines the maximum static friction force that we can have.

So if we apply a small force and we start to increase it, the static frictional force will be equal to our force until it reaches its maximum, and then we can move the object and now we will have frictional force.

In this case, we know that we apply a force of 40N and the object just starts to move.

Then we can assume that we are just at the point of transition between static frictional force and kinetic frictional force (the threshold of motion), thus, 40 N is the maximum of the static frictional force.

this means that the temperature of both substances will be equal

the bal will not change its velocity.