How did the chemicals in earths prehistoric surface come alive

Two large, flat, horizontally oriented plates are parallel to each other, a distance d apart. half way betwween the two plates the electric field has magnitude e. if the separation of the plates is reduced to d/2 what is the magnitude of the electric field half way between the plates?

Which property of fossils allow scientists to determine the relative rock ages..

Aspecimen of oil having an initial volume of 580cm^3 is subjected to a pressure increase of 4.0 mpa, and the volume is found to decrease by 0.40 cm^3. (a) what is the bulk modulus of the material? (b) what is the compressibility of the material?