Which of these processes of the water cycle is a direct effect of the sun's energy?
a. evaporation
b. seeping of water into soil
c. formation of precipitation
d. runoff of water over soil

Option a) Evaporation

Explanation:

Option b) seeping of water into soil is the process by which water on the surface of earth enters soil inside earth slowly

c) formation of precipitation are developed in clouds, and clouds are formed when water vapor in the atmosphere cools and condenses. Hence cannot be direct effect of Sun energy

d) runoff of water from soil is the flow water when excess water due to flood is there, which causes soil erosion.

But our question of a direct effect of the Sun's energy is option a) evaporation.

By evaporation, we see that floor with water dry, clothes washed when put to dry dries, etc.