Adevice called a railgun uses the magnetic force on currents to launch projectiles at very high speeds. an idealized model of a railgun is illustrated in (figure 1 . a 1.2 v power supply is connected to two conducting rails. a segment of copper wire, in a region of uniform magnetic field, slides freely on the rails. the wire has a 0.85 m? resistance and a mass of 5.2 g . ignore the resistance of the rails. the power supply is switched on.

a. 169.4 N b. 65.08 m/s

Explanation:

Here is the complete question

A device called a railgun uses the magnetic force on currents to launch projectiles at very high speeds. An idealized model of a railgun is illustrated in the figure. A 1.2 V power supply is connected to two conducting rails. A segment of copper wire, in a region of uniform magnetic field, slides freely on the rails. The wire has a 0.85 mΩ resistance and a mass of 5.2 g . Ignore the resistance of the rails.

a. What is the magnitude of the force on the wire?

b. What will be the wire's speed after it has slid a distance of 6.5cm ?

Solution

The force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field is given by F = BIL where B = magnetic field strength = 0.8 T, I = current = V/R . V = voltage = 1.2 V and R = resistance = 0.85 × 10⁻³ Ω and L = length of conductor = 15 cm = 0.15 m.

F = BIL = BVL/R = 0.8 × 1.2/0.85 × 10⁻³ × 0.15 N = 0.144/0.85 × 10⁻³ N = 169.4 N

b. First we find its acceleration from F = ma, a = F/m

Since the copper wire of mass m = 5.2 g = 5.2 × 10⁻³ starts from rest and moves a distance d = 6.5 cm = 0.065 m,

we use v² = u² + 2ad, u = 0 ⇒ v² = 2ad ⇒ v = √(2ad) = √(2Fd/m) = √(2 × 169.4 × 0.065/5.2 × 10⁻³) m/s = √4235 = 65.08 m/s

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