Describe and give an example of the doppler effect

In a thunderstorm, charge builds up on the water droplets or ice crystals in a cloud. thus, the charge can be considered to be distributed uniformly throughout the cloud. for the purposes of this problem, take the cloud to be a sphere of diameter 1.00 kilometer. the point of this problem is to estimate the maximum amount of charge that this cloud can contain, assuming that the charge builds up until the electric field at the surface of the cloud reaches the value at which the surrounding air breaks down. this breakdown means that the air becomes highly ionized, enabling it to conduct the charge from the cloud to the ground or another nearby cloud. the ionized air will then emit light due to the recombination of the electrons and atoms to form excited molecules that radiate light. in addition, the large current will heat up the air, resulting in its rapid expansion. these two phenomena account for the appearance of lightning and the sound of thunder. take the breakdown electric field of air to be eb=3.00ă—106n/c. part a estimate the total charge q on the cloud when the breakdown of the surrounding air is reached. express your answer numerically, to three significant figures, using ďµ0=8.85ă—10â’12c2/(nâ‹…m2) .

How much energy must a refrigerator absorb from 225 g of water so that the temperature of the water will drop from 35°c to 5°c

Air enters a gas turbine with two stages of compression and two stages of expansion at 100 kpa and 17°c. this system uses a regenerator as well as reheating and intercooling – the intercooler returns the air to the inlet temperature. the pressure ratio across each compressor is 4 ; 300 kj/kg of heat are added to the air in each combustion chamber; and the regenerator operates perfectly while increasing the temperature of the cold air by 20°c. determine the system’s thermal efficiency. assume isentropic operations for all compressor and the turbine stages and use constant specific heats at room temperature. (0.378)